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Clostridium perfringens – Overview (239)

November 7, 2007

Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, sporeforming rod (anaerobic means unable to grow in the presence of free oxygen). It is widely distributed in the environment and frequently occurs in the intestines of humans and many domestic and feral animals. Spores of the organism persist …

Listeria monocytogenes – Overview (240)

November 7, 2007

This is a Gram-positive bacterium, motile by means of flagella. Some studies suggest that 1-10% of humans may be intestinal carriers of L. monocytogenes. It has been found in at least 37 mammalian species, both domestic and feral, as well as at least 17 species …

Bacteria that Cause Foodborne Illness (242)

November 7, 2007

Here is a common list of bacteria that cause foodborne illness.   Bacteria Type:Campylobacter jejuni Found in:Intestinal tracts of animals and birds, raw milk, untreated water, and sewage sludge. Transmission:Contaminated water, raw milk, and raw or undercooked meat, poultry, or shellfish. Symptoms:Fever, headache and muscle …

CDC

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) – Overview (256)

October 21, 2007

Enteroccocci are bacteria that are normally present in the human intestines and in the female genital tract and are often found in the environment. These bacteria can sometimes cause infections. Vancomycin is an antibiotic that is often used to treat infections caused by enterococci. In …

CDC

Flu – Overview (251)

October 21, 2007

The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can cause mild to severe illness, and at times can lead to death. The best way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccination each year. Every year in the United …

CDC

Norovirus – Overview (252)

October 21, 2007

What are noroviruses? Noroviruses are a group of viruses that cause the “stomach flu,” or gastroenteritis (GAS-tro-en-ter-I-tis), in people. The term norovirus was recently approved as the official name for this group of viruses. Several other names have been used for noroviruses, including: Norwalk-like viruses …

CDC

Hepatitis A – Overview (253)

October 21, 2007

Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. Hepatitis A can affect anyone. In the United States, hepatitis A can occur in situations ranging from isolated cases of disease to widespread epidemics. Good personal hygiene and proper sanitation can help prevent …

CDC

Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) (254)

October 21, 2007

Avian influenza in birds Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) viruses. These influenza viruses occur naturally among birds. Wild birds worldwide carry the viruses in their intestines, but usually do not get sick from them. However, avian influenza is very …

CDC

HIV – Overview (255)

October 21, 2007

HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. This is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV is different from most other viruses because it attacks the immune system. The immune system gives our bodies the ability to fight infections. HIV finds and destroys a type of white …

CDC

MRSA – Overview (258)

October 20, 2007

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. These antibiotics include methicillin and other more common antibiotics such as oxacillin, penicillin and amoxicillin. Staph infections, including MRSA, occur most frequently among persons in hospitals and healthcare facilities (such …